Нафтопереробний завод





Нафтопереробний завод в Грейнджмуті, Шотландія.


Нафтопереробний завод (НПЗ) — промислове підприємство, яке виробляє з сирої нафти рідкі палива, мастила, бітум, нафтовий кокс, парафін, церезин, ароматичні вуглеводні, органічні кислоти, сірку або сірчану кислоту, розчинники, скраплені гази і нафтохімічну сировину. На НПЗ здійснюється знесолення, зневоднення і стабілізація сирої нафти, первинна (атмосферна і вакуумна) перегонка нафти, селективне очищення, депарафінізація і доочищення масел, деасфальтизація гудрону, каталітичний риформінг, гідроочищення, гідрокрекінг, сповільнене коксування, каталітичний крекінг, алкілювання ізобутану олефінами, ізомеризація та газофракціонування.


У 1857 році в місті Плоешть, в 60 км на північ від Бухареста, був побудований перший в світі нафтопереробний завод.




Зміст





  • 1 Технологічний процес


  • 2 В економіці


  • 3 Див. також


  • 4 Література




Технологічний процес |


Для отримання докладнішої інформації з цієї теми, див. Переробка нафти.


В економіці |


Нафтопереробні заводи є важливою частиною нафтової та нафтогазової промисловості.



Див. також |


  • Нафтохімічний синтез


Література |


  • Мала гірнича енциклопедія : у 3 т. / за ред. В. С. Білецького. — Д. : Східний видавничий дім, 2004—2013.






Нафта і газ
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